Cognitive behavioral theory stems from the idea that people are characterized by how they think about the world, and that the way they think and interpret events lead to emotional responses. The goal of CBT is to help individuals become aware of inaccurate thinking/irrational beliefs or thought patterns so challenging situations can be viewed more clearly and respond to them in a more effective way.

Client centered therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, is focused on therapist establishing a warm, safe environment for the client, and providing genuine empathy. The therapist normally does not give advice.

Solution focused therapy seeks to establish goals and solutions to a client’s problem that utilize the client’s strengths. The client sets their own goals and is aided by the therapist through psycho education and interactive counseling.

This therapy involves the therapist teaching the survivor about the impact of trauma, common disorders associated with trauma, and ways to cope with symptoms.

Narrative therapy involves telling and retelling the story of a trauma in order to better understand it, and work through the problems associated with it.

Guided imagery is a self-directed relaxation tool that helps the survivor of a traumatic event regain control by reducing their anxiety and anger. It helps survivors confront traumatic memories using indirect symbolism and metaphors, and works to naturally elevate serotonin-like neuro-hormone levels (Naparstek, 2001)